Record Sea Surface Temperatures

Record Sea Surface Temperatures on Northeast Continental Shelf

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A video by Penn State University (not produced in the Fox newsroom)



From: Science Daily
Published April 27, 2013 08:42 AM

Sea surface temperatures in the Northeast Shelf Large Marine Ecosystem
during 2012 were the highest recorded in 150 years, according to the
latest Ecosystem Advisory issued by NOAA's Northeast Fisheries Science
Center (NEFSC). These high sea surface temperatures (SSTs) are the
latest in a trend of above average temperature seen during the spring
and summer seasons, and part of a pattern of elevated temperatures
occurring in the Northwest Atlantic, but not seen elsewhere in the ocean
basin over the past century.

The advisory reports on conditions in the second half of 2012.
Sea surface temperature for the Northeast Shelf Ecosystem reached a record
high of 14 degrees Celsius (57.2°F) in 2012, exceeding the previous
record high in 1951. Average SST has typically been lower than 12.4 C
(54.3 F) over the past three decades.
Sea surface temperature in the region is based on both contemporary satellite remote-sensing data and long-term ship-board measurements, with historical SST conditions
based on ship-board measurements dating back to 1854. The temperature
increase in 2012 was the highest jump in temperature seen in the time
series and one of only five times temperature has changed by more than 1
C (1.8 F). The Northeast Shelf's warm water thermal habitat was
also at a record high level during 2012, while cold water habitat was at
a record low level. Early winter mixing of the water column went to
extreme depths, which will impact the spring 2013 plankton bloom. Mixing
redistributes nutrients and affects stratification of the water column
as the bloom develops. Between the shallow, gently sloping
continental shelf and the abyss of the deep ocean lies the steep
continental slope. The edge between the shelf and the slope is called
the shelf break. Phytoplankton, zooplankton, fish, seabirds, whales, and
dolphins thrive in the waters above the shelf break, supported by
nutrients brought from great depths by upwelling.